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Fonction bartlett - module numpy.matlib

Signature de la fonction bartlett

def bartlett(M) 

Description

bartlett.__doc__

    Return the Bartlett window.

    The Bartlett window is very similar to a triangular window, except
    that the end points are at zero.  It is often used in signal
    processing for tapering a signal, without generating too much
    ripple in the frequency domain.

    Parameters
    ----------
    M : int
        Number of points in the output window. If zero or less, an
        empty array is returned.

    Returns
    -------
    out : array
        The triangular window, with the maximum value normalized to one
        (the value one appears only if the number of samples is odd), with
        the first and last samples equal to zero.

    See Also
    --------
    blackman, hamming, hanning, kaiser

    Notes
    -----
    The Bartlett window is defined as

    .. math:: w(n) = \frac{2}{M-1} \left(
              \frac{M-1}{2} - \left|n - \frac{M-1}{2}\right|
              \right)

    Most references to the Bartlett window come from the signal
    processing literature, where it is used as one of many windowing
    functions for smoothing values.  Note that convolution with this
    window produces linear interpolation.  It is also known as an
    apodization (which means"removing the foot", i.e. smoothing
    discontinuities at the beginning and end of the sampled signal) or
    tapering function. The fourier transform of the Bartlett is the product
    of two sinc functions.
    Note the excellent discussion in Kanasewich.

    References
    ----------
    .. [1] M.S. Bartlett, "Periodogram Analysis and Continuous Spectra",
           Biometrika 37, 1-16, 1950.
    .. [2] E.R. Kanasewich, "Time Sequence Analysis in Geophysics",
           The University of Alberta Press, 1975, pp. 109-110.
    .. [3] A.V. Oppenheim and R.W. Schafer, "Discrete-Time Signal
           Processing", Prentice-Hall, 1999, pp. 468-471.
    .. [4] Wikipedia, "Window function",
           https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Window_function
    .. [5] W.H. Press,  B.P. Flannery, S.A. Teukolsky, and W.T. Vetterling,
           "Numerical Recipes", Cambridge University Press, 1986, page 429.

    Examples
    --------
    >>> import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
    >>> np.bartlett(12)
    array([ 0.        ,  0.18181818,  0.36363636,  0.54545455,  0.72727273, # may vary
            0.90909091,  0.90909091,  0.72727273,  0.54545455,  0.36363636,
            0.18181818,  0.        ])

    Plot the window and its frequency response (requires SciPy and matplotlib):

    >>> from numpy.fft import fft, fftshift
    >>> window = np.bartlett(51)
    >>> plt.plot(window)
    [<matplotlib.lines.Line2D object at 0x...>]
    >>> plt.title("Bartlett window")
    Text(0.5, 1.0, 'Bartlett window')
    >>> plt.ylabel("Amplitude")
    Text(0, 0.5, 'Amplitude')
    >>> plt.xlabel("Sample")
    Text(0.5, 0, 'Sample')
    >>> plt.show()

    >>> plt.figure()
    <Figure size 640x480 with 0 Axes>
    >>> A = fft(window, 2048) / 25.5
    >>> mag = np.abs(fftshift(A))
    >>> freq = np.linspace(-0.5, 0.5, len(A))
    >>> with np.errstate(divide='ignore', invalid='ignore'):
    ...     response = 20 * np.log10(mag)
    ...
    >>> response = np.clip(response, -100, 100)
    >>> plt.plot(freq, response)
    [<matplotlib.lines.Line2D object at 0x...>]
    >>> plt.title("Frequency response of Bartlett window")
    Text(0.5, 1.0, 'Frequency response of Bartlett window')
    >>> plt.ylabel("Magnitude [dB]")
    Text(0, 0.5, 'Magnitude [dB]')
    >>> plt.xlabel("Normalized frequency [cycles per sample]")
    Text(0.5, 0, 'Normalized frequency [cycles per sample]')
    >>> _ = plt.axis('tight')
    >>> plt.show()