Classe « Axes »

Méthode matplotlib.figure.Axes.psd

Signature de la méthode psd

def psd(self, x, NFFT=None, Fs=None, Fc=None, detrend=None, window=None, noverlap=None, pad_to=None, sides=None, scale_by_freq=None, return_line=None, *, data=None, **kwargs) 

Description

psd.__doc__

Plot the power spectral density.

The power spectral density :math:`P_{xx}` by Welch's average
periodogram method.  The vector *x* is divided into *NFFT* length
segments.  Each segment is detrended by function *detrend* and
windowed by function *window*.  *noverlap* gives the length of
the overlap between segments.  The :math:`|\mathrm{fft}(i)|^2`
of each segment :math:`i` are averaged to compute :math:`P_{xx}`,
with a scaling to correct for power loss due to windowing.

If len(*x*) < *NFFT*, it will be zero padded to *NFFT*.

Parameters
----------
x : 1-D array or sequence
    Array or sequence containing the data

Fs : float, default: 2
    The sampling frequency (samples per time unit).  It is used to calculate
    the Fourier frequencies, *freqs*, in cycles per time unit.

window : callable or ndarray, default: `.window_hanning`
    A function or a vector of length *NFFT*.  To create window vectors see
    `.window_hanning`, `.window_none`, `numpy.blackman`, `numpy.hamming`,
    `numpy.bartlett`, `scipy.signal`, `scipy.signal.get_window`, etc.  If a
    function is passed as the argument, it must take a data segment as an
    argument and return the windowed version of the segment.

sides : {'default', 'onesided', 'twosided'}, optional
    Which sides of the spectrum to return. 'default' is one-sided for real
    data and two-sided for complex data. 'onesided' forces the return of a
    one-sided spectrum, while 'twosided' forces two-sided.

pad_to : int, optional
    The number of points to which the data segment is padded when performing
    the FFT.  This can be different from *NFFT*, which specifies the number
    of data points used.  While not increasing the actual resolution of the
    spectrum (the minimum distance between resolvable peaks), this can give
    more points in the plot, allowing for more detail. This corresponds to
    the *n* parameter in the call to fft(). The default is None, which sets
    *pad_to* equal to *NFFT*

NFFT : int, default: 256
    The number of data points used in each block for the FFT.  A power 2 is
    most efficient.  This should *NOT* be used to get zero padding, or the
    scaling of the result will be incorrect; use *pad_to* for this instead.

detrend : {'none', 'mean', 'linear'} or callable, default: 'none'
    The function applied to each segment before fft-ing, designed to remove
    the mean or linear trend.  Unlike in MATLAB, where the *detrend* parameter
    is a vector, in Matplotlib is it a function.  The :mod:`~matplotlib.mlab`
    module defines `.detrend_none`, `.detrend_mean`, and `.detrend_linear`,
    but you can use a custom function as well.  You can also use a string to
    choose one of the functions: 'none' calls `.detrend_none`. 'mean' calls
    `.detrend_mean`. 'linear' calls `.detrend_linear`.

scale_by_freq : bool, default: True
    Whether the resulting density values should be scaled by the scaling
    frequency, which gives density in units of Hz^-1.  This allows for
    integration over the returned frequency values.  The default is True for
    MATLAB compatibility.

noverlap : int, default: 0 (no overlap)
    The number of points of overlap between segments.

Fc : int, default: 0
    The center frequency of *x*, which offsets the x extents of the
    plot to reflect the frequency range used when a signal is acquired
    and then filtered and downsampled to baseband.

return_line : bool, default: False
    Whether to include the line object plotted in the returned values.

Returns
-------
Pxx : 1-D array
    The values for the power spectrum :math:`P_{xx}` before scaling
    (real valued).

freqs : 1-D array
    The frequencies corresponding to the elements in *Pxx*.

line : `~matplotlib.lines.Line2D`
    The line created by this function.
    Only returned if *return_line* is True.

Other Parameters
----------------
**kwargs
    Keyword arguments control the `.Line2D` properties:

    Properties:
    agg_filter: a filter function, which takes a (m, n, 3) float array and a dpi value, and returns a (m, n, 3) array
    alpha: scalar or None
    animated: bool
    antialiased or aa: bool
    clip_box: `.Bbox`
    clip_on: bool
    clip_path: Patch or (Path, Transform) or None
    color or c: color
    contains: unknown
    dash_capstyle: `.CapStyle` or {'butt', 'projecting', 'round'}
    dash_joinstyle: `.JoinStyle` or {'miter', 'round', 'bevel'}
    dashes: sequence of floats (on/off ink in points) or (None, None)
    data: (2, N) array or two 1D arrays
    drawstyle or ds: {'default', 'steps', 'steps-pre', 'steps-mid', 'steps-post'}, default: 'default'
    figure: `.Figure`
    fillstyle: {'full', 'left', 'right', 'bottom', 'top', 'none'}
    gid: str
    in_layout: bool
    label: object
    linestyle or ls: {'-', '--', '-.', ':', '', (offset, on-off-seq), ...}
    linewidth or lw: float
    marker: marker style string, `~.path.Path` or `~.markers.MarkerStyle`
    markeredgecolor or mec: color
    markeredgewidth or mew: float
    markerfacecolor or mfc: color
    markerfacecoloralt or mfcalt: color
    markersize or ms: float
    markevery: None or int or (int, int) or slice or list[int] or float or (float, float) or list[bool]
    path_effects: `.AbstractPathEffect`
    picker: float or callable[[Artist, Event], tuple[bool, dict]]
    pickradius: float
    rasterized: bool
    sketch_params: (scale: float, length: float, randomness: float)
    snap: bool or None
    solid_capstyle: `.CapStyle` or {'butt', 'projecting', 'round'}
    solid_joinstyle: `.JoinStyle` or {'miter', 'round', 'bevel'}
    transform: `matplotlib.transforms.Transform`
    url: str
    visible: bool
    xdata: 1D array
    ydata: 1D array
    zorder: float

See Also
--------
specgram
    Differs in the default overlap; in not returning the mean of the
    segment periodograms; in returning the times of the segments; and
    in plotting a colormap instead of a line.
magnitude_spectrum
    Plots the magnitude spectrum.
csd
    Plots the spectral density between two signals.

Notes
-----
For plotting, the power is plotted as
:math:`10\log_{10}(P_{xx})` for decibels, though *Pxx* itself
is returned.

References
----------
Bendat & Piersol -- Random Data: Analysis and Measurement Procedures,
John Wiley & Sons (1986)

.. note::
    In addition to the above described arguments, this function can take
    a *data* keyword argument. If such a *data* argument is given,
    the following arguments can also be string ``s``, which is
    interpreted as ``data[s]`` (unless this raises an exception):
    *x*.

    Objects passed as **data** must support item access (``data[s]``) and
    membership test (``s in data``).